Most of today’s retirement planning advice is derived from insights advanced in research referred to as “safe withdrawal rate” (SWR) analysis. These studies get the numbers terribly wrong. They have been the cause of bad decisions that will likely in time result in millions of failed retirements.

It’s not Rob Bennett, a guy who posts stuff on the internet, who says that. I was the first one to report on the analytical errors in the SWR studies (in a post that I put to a Motley Fool discussion board on May 13, 2002). But a good number of big-name experts have verified my findings in the years since.

William Bernstein, author of “The Four Pillars of Investing,” said that anyone giving thought to using the SWR studies to plan a retirement would be well-advised to “FuhGedDaBouDit!”

Larry Swedroe, author of “The Only Guide to a Winning Investment Strategy You’ll Ever Need,” described the SWR studies as “Garbage-In, Garbage-Out” research.

Ed Easterling, author of “Absolute Returns” said: “The likelihood of financial success in retirement is considerably less than most pundits are advocating.”

The SWR studies were quickly corrected once the analytical errors in them became public knowledge. Apologies were made to the millions who used the incorrect numbers in the crafting of their retirement plans. New and more accurate studies were developed and marketed heavily so that middle-class investors could learn the realities of retirement planning for the first time.

Well, actually — no. None of that happened.

Not one of the SWR studies has yet been corrected. Search the term “safe withdrawal rate” on Google and the first link that comes up will be to one of the SWR studies that were found to be in error over seven years ago. Retirement planning today is a sick joke.

Dallas Morning News Columnist Scott Burns told us why in a column published in June 2005 (a column he wrote at my urging). He explained that the accurate safe withdrawal rate numbers are “information most people don’t want to hear.”

Yowsa!

Those seven words tell us more about why we are in an economic crisis today than the millions of other words put forward in an effort to come to terms with our recent troubles all combined, in my assessment.

The problem with the SWR studies is that they contain no adjustment for the effect of the valuation level that applies on the day the retirement begins. The historical stock-return data shows that this is the biggest factor bearing on retirement plan safety; retirements beginning at times of high stock valuations fail far more often than retirements beginning at times of reasonable or low prices. But the SWR studies count valuations as having zero effect.

Thus, at times when stocks are insanely overpriced, the numbers in the studies are wildly off the mark. Analyses that include an adjustment for valuations show that retirement plans that aspiring retirees were being told were “100 percent safe” in fact had only a 30 percent chance of surviving for 30 years, presuming that stocks perform in the future anything at all as they always have in the past.

But most of us didn’t want to know that before the crash. Before the crash, we wanted to stick with our high stock allocations. We wanted to believe that valuations were not such a big deal when planning retirements or when considering any other sort of investment strategy question. And most “experts” did not want to anger us by telling us otherwise.

Investment advice is not objective whether it uses numbers to make its points or not. Most people giving investment advice want the people hearing the advice to like them; it’s impossible to make many sales if your customers don’t like you. Most investors don’t want to hear the realities of stock investing at times when prices are sky-high and the reality is that a crash is coming sooner or later. The sort of retirement planning advice that is put forward in bull markets is not the same sort of retirement planning advice that would be put forward at times when stock prices were low or moderate. It’s doctored (not necessarily with any bad intent) to conform to the public’s demand for happy talk about stocks.

We need to do better. I believe that we need a national debate on how valuations affect long-term stock returns and on how the dominant model of understanding how stock investing works (“Passive Investing”) has caused millions of failed retirements and sent the U.S. economy into the second most serious crisis it has ever faced. I like to think that the millions of people who will be suffering failed retirements because of the bad retirement planning advice of recent years will not go down in the history books as having suffered that most horrible of life setbacks in vain.

The preceding was a guest post authored by Rob Bennett. Rob is author of the “A Rich Life” blog and and co-creator of the “Retirement Risk Evaluator,” the first retirement planning calculator that contains an adjustment for the valuation level that applies on the day the retirement begins. You can read more about my guest posting policy here.

Photo: mesaroyale

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categories: investing, personal finance    

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